🗳️ VoteSecured - Technical Architecture
Production-grade electronic voting system with 14 microservices, zero-knowledge cryptography, and multi-cloud deployment support.
System Architecture Overview
VoteSecured is built on a 14-microservice architecture organized in 4 tiers, supporting 10M+ concurrent voters with 99.99% uptime SLA. The system combines military-grade cryptography, blockchain audit trails, and zero-knowledge proofs to ensure voter privacy, election integrity, and complete auditability.
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ USER-FACING PORTALS (Tier 1) │
├──────────────────────┬──────────────────────┬──────────────────┤
│ Voter Portal │ Reporting Portal │ Admin Portal │
│ (Vote Casting) │ (Results/Audit) │ (Management) │
└──────────────────────┴──────────────────────┴──────────────────┘
↓
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ API GATEWAY & CORE SERVICES (Tier 2) │
├──────────────────────┬──────────────────────┬──────────────────┤
│ API Gateway │ Voting Service │ Election │
│ (Rate Limiting) │ (Vote Casting) │ Management │
└──────────────────────┴──────────────────────┴──────────────────┘
↓
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ PROCESSING & SECURITY (Tier 3) │
├──────────────────────┬──────────────────────┬──────────────────┤
│ Cryptography │ Blockchain Audit │ Audit Trail │
│ Service │ Service │ Service │
└──────────────────────┴──────────────────────┴──────────────────┘
↓
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ DATA & INFRASTRUCTURE (Tier 4) │
├──────────────────────┬──────────────────────┬──────────────────┤
│ PostgreSQL │ Redis Cache │ Blockchain │
│ (10+ Replicas) │ (Session Mgmt) │ (Immutable Log) │
└──────────────────────┴──────────────────────┴──────────────────┘
Technology Stack
🔧 Backend
- Node.js 20+
- TypeScript
- Express.js / Fastify
- GraphQL Federation
- tRPC API
🔐 Security & Cryptography
- libsodium (TweetNaCl)
- ML-KEM-1024 (Post-Quantum)
- zkSNARKs (Circom)
- BLS Signatures
- Merkle Trees
💾 Data & Storage
- PostgreSQL 16
- Timescale DB
- Redis 7.4
- ClickHouse
- Ethereum / L2
☁️ Infrastructure
- Kubernetes (K8s)
- Terraform
- Docker
- Azure AKS / AWS EKS / GCP GKE
- Multi-region deployment
🧪 Testing & Quality
- Vitest
- Playwright
- Jest
- K6 Load Testing
- OWASP ZAP
📊 Frontend
- React 18+
- Next.js 13+
- Tailwind CSS
- TypeScript
- PWA Support
Core Microservices (14 Total)
👥 User Service
Authentication, authorization, voter registration, and profile management with biometric support.
🗳️ Voting Service
Vote casting, receipt generation, and Merkle tree commitment. Handles concurrent vote processing with zkSNARK proofs.
⚙️ Election Management
Lifecycle management (DRAFT → ACTIVE → CLOSED → CERTIFIED) with real-time status updates and configuration.
🔐 Cryptography Service
Zero-knowledge proof generation, encryption/decryption, and signature verification using post-quantum algorithms.
⛓️ Blockchain Audit
Immutable vote log on Ethereum/Layer 2, audit trail verification, and blockchain explorer API.
📊 Analytics Service
Vote aggregation, real-time result calculations, and historical trending with ClickHouse backend.
Security Architecture
| Layer | Security Mechanism | Compliance Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Transport | TLS 1.3, mTLS between services | NIST FIPS 140-2 |
| Authentication | idNFT biometric + JWT + MFA | FIDO2, EAC VVSG 2.0 |
| Vote Privacy | End-to-end encryption, zkSNARKs | Common Criteria EAL4+ |
| Vote Integrity | Merkle trees, blockchain audit | NIST 800-53 High Baseline |
| Data Protection | AES-256-GCM at rest, Post-Quantum ready | GDPR, SOC 2 Type II |
Multi-Cloud Deployment Options
☁️ Azure AKS
Cost: $900-1200/month
Setup: 30 minutes
Best for: Enterprise production
☁️ AWS EKS
Cost: $500-700/month
Setup: 30 minutes
Best for: Scalable deployments
☁️ GCP GKE
Cost: $500-700/month
Setup: 25 minutes
Best for: Machine learning integration
🏠 K3s Demo
Cost: $0/month
Setup: 15 minutes
Best for: Development & testing
Performance Targets
Vote Processing
< 100ms
Per vote with cryptographic proof
Concurrent Users
10M+
With 99.99% uptime SLA
Result Finality
< 1s
Blockchain confirmation